Alert two symptoms of kidney failure

According to medical terminology, renal failure can be understood as a variety of chronic kidney disease development to the late part of the renal function caused by or loss of a pathological state. Renal failure can be divided into acute renal failure and chronic renal failure two basic symptoms, the following will be detailed for everyone to read, look together!

Symptoms of renal failure

First, acute renal failure

1, urine period. Urine loss caused by hyperkalemia, water poisoning (severe swelling, high blood pressure, pulmonary edema or brain edema), metabolic acidosis and acute uremic symptoms. Hyperkalemia and water poisoning as the main cause of death.

2, urine period. Renal tubular epithelial cell regeneration after the increase in urine output increased, so that potassium, sodium decreased, persistent polyuria patients can die of dehydration and electrolyte imbalance.

3, the period. Urine urine volume decreased to normal, blood Bun, creatinine (Scr) and electrolytes were restored to normal levels, but the renal tubular function and structure returned to normal still need 3 to 6 months. Those who failed to recover were converted to chronic renal failure. Non-oliguric urine, although a lot of urine, but blood Bun, Scr increased daily and symptoms of poisoning, because the kidney injury is light, so the prognosis is good.

Second, chronic renal failure
Chronic renal failure clinical manifestations are caused by a variety of toxins and metabolic retention, involving the body of the system, early manifestations of weakness, poor spirit, after the poor appetite, nausea, vomiting and other digestive symptoms. The disease further development of anemia, palpitations, skin itching, limb sensory abnormalities, numbness. Advanced blood vessels appear hypertension, pericarditis, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia and heart failure; blood system severe anemia, hemoglobin can be as low as 3g / dL, bleeding tendency (nose, gum bleeding, skin ecchymosis, etc.); Respiratory system appeared interstitial pneumonia, X showed hippocampus on both sides of the butterfly-like shadow, the two lungs have wet rales, patients with chest pain and pleural effusion performance; central nervous system showed indifferent expression, attention can not focus , Severe cases of seizures and coma, but also the performance of lower limb peripheral neuropathy. Due to calcium, phosphorus metabolism disorders, vitamin D metabolic disorders and secondary hyperparathyroidism leading to renal bone disease, manifested as bone pain, difficulty walking, prone to fracture. Gonadal dysfunction, female performance for irregular menstruation, and even menopause, male performance for loss of libido. Immune dysfunction can be frequent infection.

Treatment of renal failure

1, for the cause of treatment, such as expansion to correct prenatal factors, the lifting of postrenal obstruction factors, severe acute or other glomerulonephritis with hormone shocks can be effective, allergic interstitial nephritis should immediately stop the drug, given anti-allergy Medicine and so on.

2, oliguria, the amount of liquid into the amount into the principle.

3, to correct hyperkalemia and acidosis.

4, as soon as possible to carry out dialysis therapy, dehydration, remove toxins, correct electrolyte disorders and acid-base balance disorders, so that patients through the oliguria period. Polyuria strict monitoring of water, electrolyte balance to prevent death in the dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. It is important to reinforce nutrition, rest and avoid nephrotoxic drugs.

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